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- $Unique_ID{BRK03835}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Hydranencephaly}
- $Subject{Hydranencephaly Hydroanencephaly Hydrocephalus }
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1987, 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 369:
- Hydranencephaly
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible the main title of the article (Hydranencephaly) is not the
- name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing to find the alternate
- names, disorder subdivisions, and related disorders covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Hydroanencephaly
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Porencephaly
- Hydrocephalus
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
-
- Hydranencephaly is a central nervous system disorder inherited through an
- unknown mode of transmission. This extremely rare form of Porencephaly
- involves almost total absence of portions of the brain. Results of
- neurologic examination in newborns may be normal or abnormal. The head can
- appear enlarged at birth in some children. Vision impairment, lack of growth
- and intellectual deficits are symptomatic of this disorder.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Hydranencephaly can usually be detected at birth due to an enlarged head.
- Some infants may appear healthy at birth but may later fail to grow at a
- normal rate. Irritability and spasticity or rigidity of arms and legs are
- symptomatic of this disorder. Poor body temperature regulation, vision
- impairment and mental retardation may also occur.
-
- Causes
-
- Hydranencephaly is suspected to be an inherited disorder although the mode of
- transmission remains unknown. Some researchers believe that prenatal
- blockage of the carotid artery where it enters the cranium may be a cause of
- this disorder. However, the reason for the blockage is not known.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Hydranencephaly is present at birth. The disorder affects males and females
- in equal numbers.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Porencephaly is a disorder of the central nervous system involving cerebral
- cysts or cavities in cortical brain tissue. The disorder can occur before or
- after birth. Fluid which can accumulate in the head can be drained through a
- surgical shunt procedure. The prognosis is variable. Some patients with
- this disorder may develop only minor neurological problems and have normal
- intelligence, while others may be severely disabled.
-
- Hydrocephalus is a term describing an accumulation of fluid in the brain
- cavity which usually causes increased pressure inside the skull. It is
- characterized by enlargement of the head and prominence of the forehead.
- This disorder may begin suddenly and can be congenital or acquired; it can be
- a symptom of another disorder or a primary condition. Treatment with a
- surgical shunt procedure is generally successful in relieving pressure on the
- brain by draining the fluid out of the head. (For more information on this
- disorder, choose "hydrocephalus" as your search term in the Rare Disease
- Database.)
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment of Hydranencephaly is symptomatic and supportive. When increased
- intracranial pressure is involved a shunt may be surgically implanted to
- drain the fluid from the brain. Infection and blockage of the shunt should
- be carefully guarded against. Services which benefit handicapped people and
- their families can be of benefit to those disabled by this disorder.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- Research into Hydranencephaly and other inherited central nervous system
- disorders is ongoing. Understanding the role of genetics in fetal
- development is a major goal of scientists studying congenital neurological
- disorders.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- March 1987. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Hydranencephaly, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke (NINDS)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-5751
- (800) 352-9424
-
- For Information about Shunts:
- Association for Brain Tumor Research
- 2910 West Montrose Ave.
- Chicago, IL 60618
- (312) 286-5571
-
- The Children's Brain Disease Foundation For Research
- 350 Parnassus, Suite 900
- San Francisco, CA 94117
- (415) 566-5402
- (415) 565-6259
-
- For information on genetics and genetic counseling referrals, please
- contact:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- HYDROANENCEPHALY: S. Gabrovski, et. al.; Ah Vopr Reirokhir (Sept.-Oct.
- 1984, issue 5) Pp. 32-38.
-
- HYDRANENCEPHALY: PRENATAL AND NEONATAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE: D.J.
- Coady, et. al.; Am J Perinatol (July 1985, issue 2(3). Pp.228-230.
-
- ULTRASONOGRAPHIC PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS OF HYDRANENCEPHALY. A CASE REPORT:
- H.A. Hadi, et. al.; J Reprod Med (April 1986, issue 31(4)).
-
-